Snotra, the old Norse word for clever or wise, was the Norse goddess of wisdom, self-discipline, and prudence. According to some scholars, the word snotr could be used to describe wise men and women.

O'Boyle, Aidan (2003). Towards a Contemporary Wisdom Christology: Some Catholic Christologies in German, English and French 1965–1995. Gregorian Biblical Book Shop. ISBN 978-88-7652-963-4. First Epistle to the Corinthians 1:24b Χριστὸν θεοῦ δύναμιν καὶ θεοῦ σοφίαν "Christ the power of God and the wisdom of God", 1:30 ἐξ αὐτοῦ δὲ ὑμεῖς ἐστε ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ ὃς ἐγενήθη ἡμῖν σοφία ἀπὸ θεοῦ δικαιοσύνη τε καὶ ἁγιασμὸς καὶ ἀπολύτρωσις "But of him are ye in Christ Jesus, who of God is made unto us wisdom, and righteousness, and sanctification, and redemption" A goddess Sophia was introduced into Anthroposophy by its founder, Rudolf Steiner, in his book The Goddess: From Natura to Divine Sophia [18] and a later compilation of his writings titled Isis Mary Sophia. Sophia also figures prominently in Theosophy, a spiritual movement which Anthroposophy was closely related to. Helena Blavatsky, the founder of Theosophy, described it in her essay What is Theosophy? as an esoteric wisdom doctrine, and said that the "Wisdom" referred to was "an emanation of the Divine principle" typified by "…some goddesses—Metis, Neitha, Athena, the Gnostic Sophia…" [19] Hart, George (2005). The Routledge Dictionary of Egyptian Gods and Goddesses. New York: Routledge. p.141 . Retrieved 8 July 2022. While some used these events in the hopes of meeting a suitable man for marriage and citizenship, others simply wanted to make friends and connect with others. Her cults established several sanctuaries in her honor.

Faulkes, Anthony (Trans.) (1995). Snorri Sturluson: Edda. First published in 1987. London: Everyman. ISBN 0-460-87616-3 Anahita Vessel, 300-500 AD, Sasanian, Iran, silver and gilt – Cleveland Museum of Art – DSC08130 Polynesian mythology [ edit ]

Legend says that the god had several other wives before settling down with Hera. He developed a headache so bad that he begged someone to cut open his head to relieve his pain. Stories dispute who it was that grabbed the cleaver and ranges from Hermes to Ares. Just like Artemis and Hestia, Athena was never swayed by love or passion. Consequently, she never had any children. Some say that Erichthonius was an exception, but, in fact, Athena was only his foster-mother. True, Hephaestus did try to violate her, but she fought him off, so he spilled his seed over the Earth, after which Gaea was impregnated. When Erichthonius was born, Athena took him under her wing, just like she would do afterward with another cult hero, Heracles. Athena, the Patron of Athens Athena is associated with the city of Athens. [5] [7] The name of the city in ancient Greek is Ἀθῆναι ( Athȇnai), a plural toponym, designating the place where—according to myth—she presided over the Athenai, a sisterhood devoted to her worship. [6] In ancient times, scholars argued whether Athena was named after Athens or Athens after Athena. [5] Now scholars generally agree that the goddess takes her name from the city; [5] [7] the ending - ene is common in names of locations, but rare for personal names. [5] Testimonies from different cities in ancient Greece attest that similar city goddesses were worshipped in other cities [6] and, like Athena, took their names from the cities where they were worshipped. [6] For example, in Mycenae there was a goddess called Mykene, whose sisterhood was known as Mykenai, [6] whereas at Thebes an analogous deity was called Thebe, and the city was known under the plural form Thebai (or Thebes, in English, where the 's' is the plural formation). [6] The name Athenai is likely of Pre-Greek origin because it contains the presumably Pre-Greek morpheme *-ān-. [8]

There are many legends surrounding her birth, but most claim that she was the third child born to Zeus and that she had no mother. The most common legend claims that she came into the world as an adult and sprang from his head. Sea nymph, goddess of water and one of the fifty Nereids, daughters of the ancient sea god Nereus. Also a shapeshifter and a prophet. Pokorny Etymon: sap-, sab- 'to taste, savvy, perceive' ". Indo-European Lexicon. Archived from the original on 2020-11-09. .

However, the most famous myth which connects Athena with handicrafts is the story of Arachne, a mortal craftswoman who boasted that she was more skillful than Athena herself. Athena offered her a chance to repent, but after Arachne refused, she challenged her to a weaving duel. The goddess fashioned a beautiful tapestry which illustrated the gruesome fate of the mortals who had the hubris of challenging the gods. Arachne, on the other hand, chose for a subject the stories of the mortals unjustly victimized by the gods. She didn’t even have a chance to finish it: enraged and offended, Athena tore Arachne’s fabric to pieces and turned her into a spider. As such, Arachne is doomed to weave ever since. Athena, the Helper of Heroes However, unlike Athena, Minerva was originally associated mostly with household crafts and weaving, and not so much with war and battle. But around the 1 st century AD, the two deities became completely interchangeable, and Minerva’s role as a warrior goddess became more prominent.

Within the Protestant tradition in England, Jane Leade, seventeenth-century Christian mystic, Universalist, and founder of the Philadelphian Society, wrote copious descriptions of her visions and dialogues with the "Virgin Sophia" who, she said, revealed to her the spiritual workings of the Universe. [15] Athena was known as Atrytone ( Άτρυτώνη "the Unwearying"), Parthenos ( Παρθένος "Virgin"), and Promachos ( Πρόμαχος "she who fights in front"). The epithet Polias (Πολιάς "of the city"), refers to Athena's role as protectress of the city. [39] The epithet Ergane (Εργάνη "the Industrious") pointed her out as the patron of craftsmen and artisans. [39] Burkert notes that the Athenians sometimes simply called Athena "the Goddess", hē theós (ἡ θεός), certainly an ancient title. [5] After serving as the judge at the trial of Orestes in which he was acquitted of having murdered his mother Clytemnestra, Athena won the epithet Areia (Αρεία). [39] Some have described Athena, along with the goddesses Hestia and Artemis as being asexual, this is mainly supported by the fact that in the Homeric Hymns, 5, To Aphrodite, where Aphrodite is described as having "no power" over the three goddesses. [40] The goddess was also often associated with rivers, reinforcing her fertility aspect and her responsibility for the abundance and fruitfulness of the lands. She’s very similar to another Celtic goddess, Brigid, and some believe that the two deities are the same. 4- Isis Hunt, Priscilla (2000). "The Novgorod Sophia Icon and 'The Problem of Old Russian Culture' Between Orthodoxy and Sophiology". Symposion: A Journal of Russian Thought. 4–5: 1–41.

Tara is one of the oldest and the most prominent meditational and devotional deities, widely worshiped to the modern day by both Hindus and Buddhists, and many others. To Wrap Up The expression Ἁγία Σοφία itself is not found in the New Testament, even though passages in the Pauline epistles equate Christ with the "wisdom of God" ( θεοῦ σοφία). [6] The clearest form of the identification of Divine Wisdom with Christ comes in 1 Corinthians 1:17–2:13. In 1 Corinthians 2:7, Paul speaks of the Wisdom of God as a mystery which was "ordained before the world unto our glory". The virgin martyrs Faith, Hope, and Charity, with their mother Sophia are depicted as three small girls standing in front of their mother in widow's dress. goddess of the hearth, home, architecture, domesticity, family, and the state. Also one of the Hesperides.Athena was the goddess of reason, wisdom, and war. She famously sprung fully formed from the forehead of Zeus. A major figure in the Odyssey, in which she instructed Odysseus, she also guided Perseus and Heracles through their trials. The Parthenon was her chief temple in Athens, which is named in her honor. Her Roman equivalent was Minerva. The palladium was a statue of Athena that was said to have stood in her temple on the Trojan Acropolis. [60] Athena was said to have carved the statue herself in the likeness of her dead friend Pallas. [60] The statue had special talisman-like properties [60] and it was thought that, as long as it was in the city, Troy could never fall. [60] When the Greeks captured Troy, Cassandra, the daughter of Priam, clung to the palladium for protection, [60] but Ajax the Lesser violently tore her away from it and dragged her over to the other captives. [60] Athena was infuriated by this violation of her protection. [61] Although Agamemnon attempted to placate her anger with sacrifices, Athena sent a storm at Cape Kaphereos to destroy almost the entire Greek fleet and scatter all of the surviving ships across the Aegean. [62] Glaukopis The owl of Athena, surrounded by an olive wreath. Reverse of an Athenian silver tetradrachm, c. 175 BC Athena appeared in the Odyssey as well as Homeric Hymns. Hesiod mentioned her in Theogony where he gave her an epithet that meant born in Triton. A popular myth claims that after Zeus abandoned her, Athena wandered the world and found Triton. In the Orthodox Church and the Catholic Church, the feminine personification of divine wisdom as Holy Wisdom ( Ἁγία Σοφία; Hagía Sophía) can refer either to Jesus Christ the Word of God (as in the dedication of the church of Hagia Sophia in Constantinople) or to the Holy Spirit. Murphy, Roland E. (2002). The Tree of Life: An Exploration of Biblical Wisdom Literature. Wm. B. Eerdmans. ISBN 978-0-8028-3965-7.