The Monkey with a Bright Blue Bottom

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The structure of the mandrill’s butt tissue reflects blue photons and absorbs other colors, making the blue color more visible. What monkey has a pink bum? a b Perelman, P.; Johnson, W. E.; Roos, C.; Seuánez, H. N.; Horvath, J. E.; etal. (2011). "A molecular phylogeny of living primates". PLOS Genetics. 7 (3): e1001342. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1001342. PMC 3060065. PMID 21436896. {{ cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI ( link) Through the Harts, the Peabody has acquired several Lesula specimens that were essential for the genetic and anatomical studies, says Sargis, who also is curator of the Peabody’s mammalogy collections. All specimens were collected after death, either at the hands of local hunters or, in one case, by crowned eagles. Bear was friendly, Bear was sweet, The nicest bear you'd ever meet! With little paws and little feet, And a very BIG bear bottom! Poor Bear! His bottom is causing chaos... Bump! Crash! Splat! Soon Bear is in great big trouble! Can he ever make it up to his friends?

Our community of over 30,000 members are here to provide help and advice on all aspects of childminding. So now you will never look at a monkey’s butt the same way: you will know what makes it blue! You will even be able to hold your own if this topic ever comes up on a first date… a b Renoult, J. P.; Schaefer, H. M.; Sallé, B.; Charpentier, M. J. E. (2011). "The evolution of the multicoloured face of mandrills: Insights from the perceptual space of colour vision". PLOS ONE. 6 (12): e29117. Bibcode: 2011PLoSO...629117R. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0029117. PMC 3244440. PMID 22216180.

The mandrill was first scientifically depicted in Historia animalium (1551–1558) by Conrad Gessner, who considered it a kind of hyena. [8] The species was formally classified by Carl Linnaeus as Simia sphinx in 1758. Its current generic name Mandrillus was coined by Ferdinand Ritgen in 1824. [9] In the paper, researchers describe the Lesula and its sister species, Cercopithecus hamlyni, as “shy, quiet, and generally occur[ing] in small groups.” Red bottoms in female monkeys signal to the males that they are ready to mate. In some species of monkeys, such as the mandrill, males have colorful butts that indicate their social status. Why are baboon’s butt red? At least three other anthropoid primates are exclusive to the region, according to the researchers—the Lomami River red colobus, the Lomami River blue monkey, and the Kasuku River Wolf’s monkey. Like all of Congo’s remaining large mammals, these species are threatened by uncontrolled commercial bush meat hunting and habitat loss. Schino, G.; De Angelis, F. (2020). "Conflict over grooming topography between mandrill groomers and groomees". Behavioural Processes. 180: 104240. doi: 10.1016/j.beproc.2020.104240. PMID 32905823. S2CID 221501684.

a b c Setchell, J. M.; Dixson, A. F. (2001). "Changes in the secondary sexual adornments of male mandrills ( Mandrillus sphinx) are associated with gain and loss of alpha status". Hormones and Behavior. 39 (3): 177–184. doi: 10.1006/hbeh.2000.1628. PMID 11300708. S2CID 7560147. Applicability of cancellation rights: Legal rights of cancellation under the Distance Selling Regulations available for UK or EU consumers do not apply to certain products and services.Goods that by reason of their nature, cannot be returned - (Items such as underwear, where the 'hygiene patch' has been removed, or cosmetics where the seal has been broken). Levréro, F.; Carrete-Vega, G.; Herbert, A.; etal. (2015). "Social shaping of voices does not impair phenotype matching of kinship in mandrills". Nature Communications. 6: 7609. Bibcode: 2015NatCo...6.7609L. doi: 10.1038/ncomms8609. PMID 26139329. I've been described as an 'Animal Artist', not I hasten to add because I'm wild and hairy but because I love to draw animals and especially like to give them human characteristics. a b Finstermeier, K.; Zinner, D.; Brameier, M.; Meyer, M.; Kreuz, E.; etal. (2011). "A mitogenomic phylogeny of living primates". PLOS ONE. 8 (7): e69504. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0069504. PMC 3713065. PMID 23874967.

Dominant or alpha male mandrills have the most mating success. Upon gaining alpha status, males develop larger testicles, redder faces and posteriors, more secretion from the chest glands and fatter sides and rumps. When a male loses dominance, these physiological changes are at least partially reversed. [31] The blue facial skin is more consistent in brightness. [31] [60] Higher ranking males tend to have more contrast between red and blue facial coloring. [33] Due to their distribution of fat, dominant males are also known as "fatted" males while subordinate males are known as "non-fatted" males. [61] Canine length also correlates with dominance, and males are less likely to sire offspring when their canines are under 30mm (1.2in). [22] In some individuals, the development of secondary sexual characteristics is suppressed in response to competition from other males. [55] Male mandrills tend to establish dominance with vocalizations and facial expressions, rather than fighting. [62] Vaglio, S.; Minicozzi, P.; Romoli, R.; etal. (2016). "Sternal gland scent-marking signals sex, age, rank, and group identity in captive mandrills". Chemical Senses. 41 (2): 177–186. doi: 10.1093/chemse/bjv077. PMID 26708734. a b c Ankel-Simons, F. (2007). Primate Anatomy: An Introduction (3rded.). Elsevier Acad Press. p.128. ISBN 978-0-08-046911-9. Groves, Colin P. (1982). "Primates; Simiiformes; Catarrhini; Cercopithecoidea; Cercopithecidae; Cercopithecinae". In Wilson, Don E.; Reeder, DeeAnn M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Volume 1. Johns Hopkins University Press. p.162. ISBN 0-8018-8221-4. The research was supported by the Arcus Foundation, the US Fish and Wildlife Service, a grant from Edith McBean, Abraham Foundation, Margot Marsh Biodiversity Foundation Grant, and Yale Institute for Biospheric Studies.

Setchell, J. M. (2005). "Do female mandrills prefer brightly colored males?" (PDF). International Journal of Primatology. 26 (4): 715–735. doi: 10.1007/s10764-005-5305-7. S2CID 3082991. So one day, when all the animals were sleeping, what did the cheeky monkey do? What would you be tempted to do, if you were armed with a paint box full of bright colours? The mandrill's preferred fruits include those of the cashew species Pseudospondias microcarpa, the coffee species Nauclea diderrichii and the wort species Psorospermum febrifugum. [40] Mandrills consume more seeds than many other primate species. [38] Adult male mandrills are one of the few primates capable of biting through the hard shell of Detarium microcarpum seeds. [39] For vegetation, they mostly eat the young leaves, shoots and piths of monocot plants. [38] In particular, mandrills consume leaves from the arrowroots Haumania liebrechtsiana and Trachyphrynium braunianum, as well as the piths of ginger plants like Renealmia macrocolia and species in the genus Aframomum. [40] They are also known to consume mushrooms. [38] Prum, Richard O.; Torres, Rodolfo H. (2004). "Structural colouration of mammalian skin: Convergent evolution of coherently scattering dermal collagen arrays" (PDF). Journal of Experimental Biology. 207 (12): 2157–2172. doi: 10.1242/jeb.00989. PMID 15143148. S2CID 8268610.