Animalium

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While there is consensus that the History of Animals was aimed mostly at describing attributes of animals, there is a debate about whether or not it suggests that Aristotle was also interested in producing a taxonomy. Most philosophers who have studied the History of Animals and Aristotle's other writings suggest that Aristotle was not trying to produce a taxonomy, [4] but more recent studies by biologists reach different conclusions. [5] [6] [7] Contents [ edit ] Scaliger's edition with his commentary, Toulouse, 1619

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Campbell, Gordon Lindsay (2014). The Oxford Handbook of Animals in Classical Thought and Life. Oxford University Press. p.517. ISBN 978-0-19-103515-9. Haworth, Alan (2011). Understanding the Political Philosophers: From Ancient to Modern Times. Taylor & Francis. pp.37–40. ISBN 978-1-135-19896-1. His observations were almost all accurate, according to the philosopher Anthony Preus, though Mario Vegetti argues that Aristotle sometimes let theory cloud observation. [10] Aristotle recorded that the embryo of a dogfish was attached by a cord to a kind of placenta (the yolk sac). Gessner, Conrad; etal. (1971). Curious Woodcuts of Fanciful and Real Beasts - A Selection of 190 Sixteenth-century Woodcuts from Gessner's and Topsell's Natural Histories. Dover Publications. ISBN 04862270-1-4. The Historia animalium was Gessner's magnum opus, and was the most widely read of all the Renaissance natural histories. The generously illustrated work was so popular that Gessner's abridgement, Thierbuch ("Animal Book"), was published in Zurich in 1563, and in England Edward Topsell translated and condensed it as a Historie of foure-footed beastes (London: William Jaggard, 1607). [ 1] Gessner’s monumental work attempts to build a connection between the ancient knowledge of the animal world, its title the same as Aristotle's work on animals, and what was known at his time. He then adds his own observations, and those of his correspondents, in an attempt to formulate a comprehensive description of the natural history of animals. [ 2]

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The text contains some claims that appear to be errors. Aristotle asserted in book II that female humans, sheep, goats, and swine have a smaller number of teeth than the males. This apparently false claim could have been a genuine observation, if as Robert Mayhew suggests [16] women at that time had a poorer diet than men; some studies have found that wisdom teeth erupt in men more often than women after age 25. [17] But the claim is not true of other species either. Thus, Philippa Lang argues, Aristotle may have been empirical, but he was quite laissez-faire about observation, "because [he] was not expecting nature to be misleading". [15] There have been various academic studies relating to Gesner's inclusion of some fantastical-looking creatures in the volumes, such as sea monk, sea bishop, or ichthyocentaur. [ 6] [ 7] There have been various academic studies relating to Gessner's inclusion of fantastical creatures in the volumes, such as the sea monk, sea bishop, or ichthyocentaur. [6] [7] Leroi, Armand Marie (presenter) (11 June 2013). "Aristotle's Lagoon". BBC . Retrieved 11 November 2016.

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Aristotle: Historia Animalium: Volume I Books I-X: Text (Cambridge Classical Texts and Commentaries)Jardine, Secord; etal. (1996). Cultures of Natural History. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-55894-8.

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English translation by D'Arcy Wentworth Thompson. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1910. Archive.org – or this

a b Wilkins, John S. (16 September 2008). "Aristotle on the mayfly". Evolving Thoughts . Retrieved 16 October 2016.